Greenhouse insulation principle: the technological secret of modern agriculture

With the continuous development of modern agricultural technology, greenhouses have become an indispensable part of modern agricultural production. Especially in the cold winter, greenhouses can provide crops with a warm and stable growth environment. What scientific principles are hidden behind this?

The insulation principle of greenhouses mainly depends on their unique structure and design. First of all, for solar radiation, plastic greenhouses and glass are almost "transparent", which means that most of the solar radiation can enter the interior of the greenhouse. However, for ground long-wave radiation, plastic and glass become "opaque", and long-wave radiation rarely penetrates this material. In this way, the solar energy inside the greenhouse can continue to enter, while the internal heat rarely dissipates, thus forming a "greenhouse effect" that increases the indoor temperature.

In addition, the closed environment of the greenhouse also reduces the heat loss caused by air convection. During the day, sunlight shines directly into the greenhouse through the film, and the ground temperature and air temperature rise, which is converted into long-wave radiation. These radiations are blocked indoors by the greenhouse covering material, forming heat accumulation. At night, although the temperature drops, measures such as covering with thermal blankets can effectively block heat loss and maintain the temperature in the greenhouse.

In northern regions, greenhouses have more diverse insulation measures. For example, some greenhouses will install heating equipment such as heaters, air conditioners or radiators inside to ensure that crops can grow normally under extremely low temperature conditions. At the same time, the structural design of the greenhouse is also very critical. A greenhouse facing south and east-west can make full use of sunlight to increase the temperature in the greenhouse.